Roads around the bridge were closed at the time but reopened at about 00:30.
The street is one-way and the bridge, near the O2 Academy, is located shortly after a turn – though is clearly marked for vehicles under 3.8 metres (12.5 ft).
ScotRail closed a number of lines due to the crash but services resumed later in the evening.
First Bus launched its own investigation and said it is assisting police with inquiries.
Network Rail said a team had inspected the bridge and found there was no structural damage – but that rail passengers had experienced “unnecessary delays”.
A spokesperson said: “The incident caused significant disruptions and cancellations to train services.
“Bridge strikes like this cost taxpayers millions of pounds each year and are entirely preventable.
“We urge drivers to always consider the height and size of their vehicles, including any loads they are carrying, and to carefully plan their routes to avoid incidents that put our infrastructure at risk.”
